Changes in The Eating Habits and Parental Concerns of Children Aged 7-12 During The Covid-19 Pandemic

Abstract

Aim: This study aims to assess the changes in eating habits of children aged 7–12 during the COVID-19 pandemic and explore the impact on their nutritional behaviors and physical activity levels. The study also examines parental concerns and behaviors related to their children's nutrition during this period.

Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted in the Üsküdar district of Istanbul, involving 400 parents of children aged 7–12. Data were collected between March and August 2021 through an online survey consisting of 77 questions, including socio-demographic information, changes in dietary habits during the pandemic, and the Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 23. Descriptive statistics were used, and Pearson correlation, independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, and Kruskal-Wallis tests were conducted. A significance level of p <0.05 was used.

Results: During the pandemic, 38% of children consumed five or more meals daily compared to 15% before the pandemic (p = 0.000). Breakfast consumption remained stable, with 80.2% regularly having breakfast (p = 0.148). A significant increase in the consumption of processed snacks, such as biscuits and fast food, was observed, with 57.9% reporting a decrease in water consumption (p = 0.003). Additionally, parents of children with increased meal frequency had higher scores for concerns about weight (p = 0.000) and dietary restrictions (p = 0.000). Milk and egg consumption increased, aligning with a reduction in fast food intake (p = 0.001).

Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in notable changes in children's eating habits, characterized by increased meal frequency and higher intake of unhealthy snacks. Parental concerns about their children's weight and dietary restrictions were more pronounced during this period. These findings underscore the need for public health interventions to promote balanced nutrition and physical activity, particularly during crises that disrupt normal routines.